Chain of Verification (CoVE) is a structured hallucination-reduction technique. After generating a draft answer, the model extracts a checklist of factual claims as verification questions ("What is the price of X?", "Who authored Y?"). Each question is answered independently — without the draft in context — by querying a ground-truth database.
The independent verification step is critical: by answering each question without seeing the draft, the model cannot be anchored to its own prior claims. The verified answers are then compared to the draft's claims. Any discrepancy triggers a targeted revision of just that claim, preserving the rest of the draft.
CoVE is especially valuable for domain-specific question answering where the model might confabulate plausible-sounding but incorrect details. The structured checklist makes the fact-checking process transparent and auditable — you can inspect exactly which claims were verified and corrected.